*A RECONSTRUCTION OF ORAL HISTORY.* _Umuoriegwu in Amata Mgbowo_



 ```There was a man who flourished in my village Umuju in the early 90s,  He flourished because of his strong belief to the will of his Chi. This was a time before the gargantuan decadence in our culture, the time when men were men, when  trees were still the lands of  Chipmunks, when women were still Virgin until when their rightful husbands broke their virginity. This was when the gods were still reciprocating the sacrifices of their servants.

Egwu, was an eccentric and  quite serious.  A practical traditionalist who also accepted Christianity and was intoxicated by it. He became an intermediary between the white missionaries and the native. Because of his smartness and his love for the new religion, he joined the missionaries in spreading Christianity all over Umuju, and even beyond.

Like a young boy who learned how to brush newly, Egwu began to walk from one shrine to another preaching to the custodians. He preached in the name of Jeso Kristi.

“Turn from your bad ways and accept Jeso Kristi n’ ime mmụọ na eziokwu.”

Few accepted Christianity with faith and in spirit and many rebuffed him and his religion and tagged it “emebe”- something that has never happened, in other words “unprecedented”.

“Learning how to pray in Jesus, said a new convert, is like  learning how to be left handed at old age “

Egwu’s fanaticism about his new religion became strong that he burnt his chi and that of others who relinquished to his new religion. His attitudes toward other people’s religion became obnoxious and a savage. He even went as far as burning the village deity of Justice, Ngeleishi.

In retrospect, he maintained that, prior his sudden turn-around, his Chi had gotten angry at him and was tormenting him. Despite this torment, he still persevered.

The severity of the torment to Egwu, left him alive for only a short period of time, leaving his offspring permanently mentally scarred as a result of the covenant their father had made.

His eldest son Ekwe tried all he could to stop the torment, but apparently, he could not stop what had begun.

A story was told about a man whose chi struck down on an Eke day for not feeding him. The furious deity demanded twelve she-goats, five pieces of white chalk, five red wrappers, as well as two gallons of palm wine for appeasement.

“The problem with contemporary Africans, is the problem of syncretism and the failure to accept the authenticity of the guard and guidance of these deities before the advent of the white man’s religion.
Everyone was a traditionalist because they gave us hope, when we’re shrouded by troubles”, said an old man.
The penalty of evil done to a chi boomerangs even when the perpetrator is dead.

Ekwe, the eldest of Egwu’s twelve sons, began seeing the torment of the burnt chi in his life and household. Life became harder than he had envisaged: poor harvest, imbecilic children and a broken home were all manifestations of the burnt as well as the inability to keep to the covenant agreed upon. He had yielded to despair, and everything he does became new like one starting life anew at old age.

Egwu, left enough land for his children before he died, lands meant primarily for cultivation  and to solve problems that might come in the near future. As one Igbo proverb would say, “an idle man is an evil thinker”.

Ekwe, sold all the lands left for him by his father. None was left for his children and brothers. When he realizes he had sold all the lands, he became a drunk. Not too long after the news became an open secret, Ekwe died on his way coming back from his normal drinking hideout. After two weeks, his remnants were found in a nearby stream drenched with water.

“The powers of a chi are very potent upon whosoever’s forefathers had enjoyed its selfless services of generational guard and guidance. Hence, the wrath of an abused orthodoxy doesn’t harm somebody whose father had rebuffed its powers,” said one of the elders who were to do the last rite before Ekwe had been buried.
The mourners countenance was unsympathetic and obvious to read meaning to the kind of life lived by the deceased.

No one mourned Ekwe or felt empathetic for his children, rather people shook their heads in disagreement and prayed, “ụdị mmadụ gị abiakwana ụwa ọzọ“.

Life is most full of insatiability!```


By Azieze Augustine U.

Culled From
VOICE OF OHAIRE(VOO).

*Africa a bee hive of Cultural Imperialism* *_By Obinna A. Okpara_* @okparaobinnap@gmail.com




_Imperialism is the forceful extension of a nation's authority by territorial conquest or by establishing economic and political domination of other nations that are not its colonies. In various forms, imperialism may be as old as humanity. In the prehistorical world (before written history began), clan groups extended their territory and dominated others, competing against them for food and resources. Negatively, many cultures have suffered due to imperial domination since the dominant have often regarded themselves as superior and have neglected, or even deliberately destroyed, indigenous cultures._


_Thus, the cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting and imposing a culture, usually that of a politically powerful nation, over a less powerful society; in other words, the cultural hegemony of industrialized or politically and economically influential countries which determine general cultural values_


_In Africa today White wedding is more preferable to traditional wedding, many families value white wedding more than traditional wedding, forgetting that they are elevating the Western culture over their tradition._


_Remember, both white wedding and traditional are both traditional wedding, the only difference is that the former is the white man's way of celebrating marriage while the later is the black man's way of celebrating theirs._


_There is this saying that no one says that his/her mother's soup is not sweet, but today even our Mother's prefer other soups to theirs as they cherish Western culture over there's._


_The white man has set Cultural Agenda for us through several ways viz Religion, media, fashion, entertainment etc.._


_Religion which is the opium of the masses according Karl Marx has Been used to deeply penetrat our culture by the whites._


_Today if you cannot afford wedding gown or suit no wedding for you, but I'm yet to come across the Bible verse which stated that wedding gown or suit is compulsory for a wedding to be valid. Even the wedding at Canaan I'm aware that they couple didn't wear suit and wedding gown, neither did they celebrate two weddings traditional and black weddings._

_Are you aware that wedding gown depicts the attire of Queen Elizabeth while suit that of Duke of Edinburgh, and that attire was designed considering the weather condition of England, but here you still see a black man wearing a black suit under a hot sun._


_Today a black man will marry a black woman and still celebrate both black wedding and white wedding, but we are still independent._

_If I may ask, how many whites have married their fellow whites and celebrate wedding twice just as we Africans who satisfy the culture of the whites and ours at a time._


_Today most of us have lost our lingua identity, we give birth to black children but teaching them our local language becomes a taboo._


_Today for a Nigerian to gain Admission into a university, you must credit English language, not Igbo or Hausa language, to gain Admission in a school in Igbo, housa or Yoruba land._


_If you speak English to your fellow Igbo atimes he/she will see you as dumb or daft, Cultural imperialism has devalued even our local dialect and delicacies too._


_Today we see local rice as a toxic waste, we prefer foreign rice which lack more nutrient to local rice._


_The white man has finally through their Cultural imperialism gain the ground of determining the language we speak, the cloth we wear, the movie we watch, the TV station we watch, most of us are now CNN, Aljazera, BBC News addicts which portrays the superiority of the whites over us and retain us in the inferority comatose._


_Today our local condiments are now useless, we don't consume what we produce any longer, we rather value made in England, China, USA, Germany, Japan, Taiwan etc, Every made in Nigeria is fake and you think China continued this way and become the top ranking economic heavyweight in the world today?_


_The earlier we re-orient ourselves the better for us or we lose our African pride, culture and Norms forever..._


_*#We keep moving*_


 *Comr. Obinna A. Okpara.* 

_A Nationalist thinker.._

```


ᴍᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʜɪs ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ





ᴛʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ ᴀᴛᴛᴇᴍᴘᴛ ᴏғ ᴍᴀɴ ғᴏʀ sᴇᴛᴛʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ɪs ᴀɢʀɪᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀғᴛᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇʀᴀ ᴏғ ᴡᴀɴᴅᴇʀɪɴɢ ʙᴀɴᴅ ᴏʀ sᴛᴏɴᴇ ᴀɢᴇ.
ʜɪsᴛᴏʀʏ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴇʟɪɢɪᴏɴ ᴛᴇsᴛɪғʏ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇxɪsᴛᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ʙᴇɪɴɢs. ʜᴏᴡᴇᴠᴇʀ, ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ʜɪsᴛᴏʀʏ sᴜʙsᴄʀɪʙᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜᴇᴏʀʏ ᴏғ ᴇᴠᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴍᴇʀɢᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ʜᴏᴍᴏ sᴀᴘɪᴇɴs; ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs, ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ʙᴇɪɴɢs ᴀs ᴡᴇ sᴇᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴋɴᴏᴡ ᴛʜᴇᴍ ᴛᴏᴅᴀʏ, ʀᴇʟɪɢɪᴏɴ ᴀᴛᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇs ɪᴛ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴄᴛ ᴏғ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ʙʏ ɢᴏᴅ. 

ᴡʜɪᴄʜᴇᴠᴇʀ ᴡᴀʏ ᴡᴇ ᴍᴀʏ ᴄʜᴏᴏsᴇ ᴛᴏ ʟᴏᴏᴋ ᴀᴛ ɪᴛ, ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴏᴠᴇʀᴛɪʙʟᴇ ғᴀᴄᴛ ɪs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ɪs ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴡʜᴏ ᴀʀᴇ ʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴜʀᴇs. ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴍᴀɴ ɪᴍʙᴜᴇs ʜɪᴍ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʙɪʟɪᴛʏ, ɴᴏᴛ ᴏɴʟʏ ᴛᴏ ʀᴇᴀsᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴊᴜᴅɢᴇ, ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴛᴏ sᴘᴇᴀᴋ, ᴛʜɪɴᴋ, ᴀᴄᴛ, ᴅɪsᴄᴏᴠᴇʀ, ɪɴᴠᴇɴᴛ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴜsᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟs ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ʜɪᴍ ᴛᴏ ʜɪs ᴏᴡɴ ᴀᴅᴠᴀɴᴛᴀɢᴇ. ᴀʟsᴏ, ᴍᴀɴ ɪs ᴇɴᴅᴏᴡᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴɴᴀᴛᴇ ᴀʙɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴛᴏ ʟᴇᴀʀɴ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴘᴇʀsᴏɴᴀʟ ᴇxᴘᴇʀɪᴇɴᴄᴇ, ғʀᴏᴍ ᴡʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀᴘᴘᴇɴs ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ʜɪᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴡʜᴀᴛ ʜᴇ ɪɴʜᴇʀɪᴛs ғʀᴏᴍ ʜɪs ғᴏʀᴇʙᴇᴀʀs. 

ᴛʜᴜs, ᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʏᴇᴀʀs, ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ʙᴇɪɴɢs ʜᴀᴠᴇ, ɪɴ ᴛᴀɴᴅᴇᴍ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ɪᴍᴍᴇᴅɪᴀᴛᴇ ᴘʜʏsɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ sᴏᴄɪᴀʟ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛs, ᴇᴠᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ sʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴏғ ʙᴇʟɪᴇғs, ɪᴅᴇᴀs, ʙᴇʜᴀᴠɪᴏᴜʀ, ᴄᴜsᴛᴏᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇᴠᴇɴ ᴀʀᴛɪғᴀᴄᴛs, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴀᴄᴄᴇᴘᴛ ᴀɴᴅ sʜᴀʀᴇ, ᴀs ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇs ᴏғ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄᴜʟᴀʀ sᴏᴄɪᴇᴛɪᴇs. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴʟʏ ᴀᴄᴄᴇᴘᴛᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ sʜᴀʀᴇᴅ ᴡᴀʏs ᴏғ ʟɪғᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏʟʟᴇᴄᴛɪᴠᴇʟʏ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ. 

ᴛʜᴇʀᴇғᴏʀᴇ, ᴡᴇ ᴍᴀʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴀɢɢʀᴇɢᴀᴛᴇ ᴏʀ ᴛᴏᴛᴀʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ’s ᴡᴀʏ ᴏғ ʟɪғᴇ. ɪᴛ ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅᴇs ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ, ʙᴇʟɪᴇғs ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴜsᴛᴏᴍ, ᴀs ɪɴʜᴇʀɪᴛᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴀɴᴄᴇsᴛᴏʀs. ɪɴᴅɪsᴘᴜᴛᴀʙʟʏ, ᴀ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ's ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴛʜᴇɪʀ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴛʏ; ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴀᴍᴇ ᴡᴀʏ ᴀs ᴀ ᴘᴇʀsᴏɴ's ɴᴀᴍᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴀʙɪᴛs ᴀʀᴇ ʜɪs ᴏʀ ʜᴇʀ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴛʏ. 

ᴀs ᴀ sᴏᴄɪᴇᴛʏ ᴏғ ʜᴏᴍᴏ sᴀᴘɪᴇɴs, ᴍɢʙᴏᴡᴏ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴛʏ ʜᴀs ʜᴇʀ ᴏᴡɴ ʙᴇʟɪᴇғs, ɪᴅᴇᴀs, ᴅɪᴀʟᴇᴄᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴜsᴛᴏᴍ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴄᴏɴsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛᴇ ᴏᴜʀ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴛʏ. ᴏɴᴇ ᴀsᴘᴇᴄᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜɪs ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴜsᴛᴏᴍ ᴏғ ʀᴇᴠᴇʀɪɴɢ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴇʟᴇʙʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ ʏᴀᴍ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴋɪɴɢ ᴏғ ᴀʟʟ ᴄʀᴏᴘs; ᴏᴛʜᴇʀᴡɪsᴇ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ɪᴋᴇᴊɪ, ᴏᴜʀ ɴᴇᴡ ʏᴀᴍ ғᴇsᴛɪᴠᴀʟ. ɪᴛ ɪs ɪɴ ᴅᴇғᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴏᴜʀ ᴄᴏʟʟᴇᴄᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴇʟɪᴇғ ɪɴ ᴛʜɪs ᴀɢᴇ-ʟᴏɴɢ ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴏᴜʀ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴡᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ɢᴀᴛʜᴇʀᴇᴅ ʜᴇʀᴇ ᴛᴏᴅᴀʏ ᴛᴏ ᴅɪsᴄᴜss ᴛʜɪs ᴇxᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴄᴜsᴛᴏᴍ. 

ɪᴛ ɪs ᴇxᴘᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ, ᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇɴᴅ ᴏғ ᴏᴜʀ ᴅɪsᴄᴏᴜʀsᴇ, ᴛʜᴏsᴇ ᴏғ ᴜs ᴡʜᴏ ʙᴇʟᴏɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏᴜᴛɢᴏɪɴɢ ɢᴇɴᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴡɪʟʟ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʀᴇғʀᴇsʜᴇᴅ ᴏᴜʀ ᴍᴇᴍᴏʀɪᴇs ᴏғ ᴡʜᴀᴛ ɪᴛ ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ɪɴ ᴏᴜʀ ᴅɪsᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴘᴀsᴛ, ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ʏᴏᴜɴɢᴇʀ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴡɪʟʟ ᴀᴘᴘʀᴇᴄɪᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡɪsᴅᴏᴍ ᴏғ ᴏᴜʀ ғᴏʀᴇғᴀᴛʜᴇʀs, ᴄʟɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ɪᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ᴏᴜʀ ʜᴀʀᴍʟᴇss ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇs ғʀᴏᴍ ɪᴍᴍɪɴᴇɴᴛ sᴜғғᴏᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴀᴛʜ.

ᴄᴜʟʟᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ
ᴍʀ ᴇɢʙᴜɴᴀ ᴀᴋᴘᴀ

ʙʀᴏᴜɢʜᴛ ᴛᴏ ʏᴏᴜ ʙʏ 
ᴏʙɪɴɴᴀ ᴏᴋᴘᴀʀᴀ.

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